The Center for Field Research (CFR) reviews and recommends proposals for support by Earthwatch Institute . Earthwatch Institute sponsors field studies worldwide by scholars working to investigate and/or conserve the Earth's physical, biological, and cultural heritage. Interested scholars should submit to CFR a two-page description of planned research and field methods including dates, budget, and plans for the use of Earthwatch Institute volunteers as field assistants. If funding for the proposed research is deemed appropriate, a more detailed full proposal will be invited for peer review. Earthwatch Institute and The Center for Field Research are not-for-profit organizations. The 1986 program was distributed as follows among the Life Sciences, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences. We are pleased to announce that the following projects were approved for Earthwatch Institute support in fiscal year 1986.
Life Sciences
Ecology
Dr. Richard H. W. Bradshaw, University Lecturer in Botany, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland · Eddie McGee, Researcher in Ecology, School of Botany (same institution). Mountain Blanket Peat Erosion, Ireland.
Dr. Thomas R. Defler, Associate Professor, Universidad de los Andes, Colombia · Dr. Sara E. Bennett, Associate Professor (same institution). Evolutionary Ecology of Avian and Primate Seed Dispersal in an Amazonian Rainforest, Colombia.
Dr. Terry L. Erwin, Curator of Entomology and Deputy Director for Research, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Microdistribution of Tree Species at Tambopata Nature Reserve and Applied Tropical Forest Dynamics: Adapting Raised Garden Methods, Peru.
Dr. Theodore H. Fleming, Professor of Biology, University of Miami. Comparative Ecology of Bats of the Genus Carollia and Plants of the Genus Piper in a Tropical Wet Forest, Costa Rica.
Dr. D. Carl Freeman, Associate Professor of Biology, Wayne State University · Dr. John M. Emlen, Professor of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University. Density-dependent Studies of Desert Perennials and Small Mammals and the Interaction Assessment Technique, Utah.
Dr. Stephen P. Hubbell, Professor of Zoology, University of Iowa and Biologist, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute · Dr. Robin B. Foster, Research Associate, Chicago Field Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. The Structure and Dynamics of a Tropical Rain Forest, Panama.
Dr. David W. Inouye, Associate Professor of Zoology, University of Maryland. Rocky Mountain Plants and Pollinators, Colorado.
Dr. Frank W. Judd, Professor of Biology, Pan American University and Acting Director, Coastal Studies Laboratory · Dr. Francis L. Rose, Professor of Biology, Texas Tech University. Reproductive Biology of the Texas Tortoise, Texas.
Dr. David C. Paton, Senior Teaching Fellow in Zoology, University of Adelaide, Australia. Bird Pollination and the Impact of Introduced Honeybees on Pollination Success, Australia.
Dr. Michael E. Soulé, Senior Investigator, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Colorado and Adjunct Professor of Natural Resources, University of Michigan · Dr. Lynn Maguire, Assistant Professor of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Duke University · Dr. Carl C. Biehl, Research Associate, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Colorado. Long-term Ecological Studies of the Subalpine Meadow Ecosystems, Colorado.
Inventory and Monitoring
Dr. James D. Lazell, President, The Conservation Agency. Wildlife Conservation in Tropical Habitats, China.
Mammalogy-Marine
Jeffrey D. Goodyear, Field Biologist/President, Ecology Research Group, Inc. and Doctoral Candidate, Moss Landing Marine Laboratory. Ecology of Blue Whales in the Lower Sea of Cortez, Mexico.
Dr. Louis M. Herman, Director, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory and Professor of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa · Dr. James P. Wolz, Research Associate, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory. Language Comprehension in Bottlenose Dolphins, Hawaii.
Dr. Joseph R. Mobley, Jr., Senior Researcher, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory · Dr. Louis M. Herman, Director, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory and Professor of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa. Social Behavior of Humpback Whales, Hawaii.
Dr. Randall S. Wells, Vice President of Research, Dolphin Biology Research Associates, Inc., Florida. Population Biology and Behavior of Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins, Florida.
Mammalogy-Terrestrial
Dr. Frances D. Burton, Professor of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Canada. Hybrid Macaques of Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Dr. Terence J. Dawson, Professor and Head of Zoology, University of New South Wales, Australia. Physiology and Behavior of Arid Zone Kangaroos, Australia.
Dr. Francesco Francisci, Wildlife Biologist, National Institute for Game Biology, Italy. Biology of Feral Dogs and Wolves, Italy.
Dr. Biruté M. F. Galdikas, Director and Founder, Orangutan Research and Conservation Center, Indonesia; Professor Extraordinaire of Biology, Universitas Nacional, Indonesia; and Adjunct Professor of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia. Long-term Research on Wild Orangutans at Tanjung Puting National Park, Indonesia.
Dr. Kenneth E. Glander, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Duke University · Dr. David Seigler, Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois. Howling Monkeys: A Long-term Study of Ecology and Behavior, Costa Rica.
Dr. John L. Hoogland, Assistant Professor of Biology, University of Maryland. Social Behavior of Prairie Dogs, South Dakota.
Dr. G. Roy Horst, Associate Professor of Biology, State University College of Arts and Science, Potsdam, New York. Population Dynamics of Feral Mongoose, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands.
Dr. Ian D. Hume, Associate Professor of Biochemistry, University of New England, Australia. Ecology of the Yellow-Footed Rock-Wallaby, Australia.
Dr. Ronald R. Keiper, Professor of Biology, Pennsylvania State University. Social Behavior of Semi-Captive Przewalski Horses, The Netherlands.
Dr. Daniel L. Kelly, Lecturer in Botany, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland · William L. R. Oliver, Research Assistant, Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. Jamaican Hutia Reintroduction Program: Pre-release Site Surveys.
Dr. C. William Kilpatrick, Associate Professor of Zoology, University of Vermont · Dr. G. Roy Horst, Associate Professor of Biology, State University College of Arts and Science, Potsdam, New York · Donald B. Hoagland, Doctoral Candidate in Zoology, University of Vermont. Population Dynamics of the Feral Mongoose, Jamaica.
Dr. Roger A. Powell, Associate Professor of Biology, North Carolina State University. Black Bear Social Organization: Territoriality and Habitat Productivity, North Carolina.
Dr. William L. Robinson, Professor of Biology, Northern Michigan University and Wildlife Research Biologist, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service · Daniel J. Groebner, Doctoral Candidate in Biology, Northern Michigan University · Dr. L. David Mech, Wildlife Research Biologist, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center and Adjunct Professor of Ecology and Behavioral Biology, University of Minnesota. Activity Patterns, Movement Rates and Home Range Use of the Timber Wolf, Wisconsin.
Marine Biology
Robert L. Brandner, Co-Director, Field Operations, St. Croix Leatherback Recovery Team, U.S.V.I. Department of Fish & Wildlife · Susan J. Basford, Co-Director, Field Operations, St. Croix Leatherback Recovery Team (same institution) · Ralf Boulon, Endangered Species Coordinator (same institution). Breeding Biology of the Leatherback Sea Turtle, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands.
Dr. Richard H. Chesher, Vice President, Marine Research Foundation, New Caledonia. Satellite Assessment of Island Ecosystems, Tonga.
Dr. James K. Dooley, Associate Professor of Biology, Adelphi University. Homing Behavior and Habitat Selection of Intertidal Fishes, Canary Islands.
Sean Furniss, Project Director, Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuges, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Puerto Rico · Tony Tucker, Field Research Coordinator, Georgia Marine Turtle Cooperative Research and Education Program. Breeding Biology of Marine Turtles in the Culebra Archipelago, Puerto Rico.
Dr. Mark Hixon, Assistant Professor of Zoology, Oregon State University · David J. Booth, Doctoral Candidate in Zoology (same institution). Determinants of Territory Areas in Coral-Reef Damselfish, Hawaii.
Dr. George V. N. Powell, Staff Scientist, National Audubon Society. Ecological Analysis of Shallow-water Habitats in Florida Bay, Florida.
Ornithology
Dr. Robert I. Bowman, Professor of Biological Science, San Francisco State University · Dr. James L. Gulledge, Director, Library of Natural Sounds, Cornell University. Galapagos Island Finch Biology and Sound Recording.
Dr. Stephen J. J. F. Davies, Director, Royal Austalasian Ornithologist Union (RAOU), Australia · Brett A. Lane, Wader Studies Coordinator (same institution). Wader Migration Routes in Australia.
Dr. Robert W. Furness, Lecturer in Zoology, University of Glasgow, Scotland · Dr. Hector Galbraith, Lecturer in Zoology (same institution). Influence of Eagles and Other Predators on Shearwater Populations on the Isle of Rhum, Scotland.
Dr. Heinz Hafner, Research Ornithologist, Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, France · Stuart Gregory, Research Ornithologist (same institution). Effect of Habitat Quality Upon Feeding and Breeding Success of Little Egrets, Black-Crowned Herons and Grey Herons in the Camargue, France.
Dr. James R. Karr, Deputy Director, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Panamanian Forest Birds: The Dynamics of Habitat Selection in Space and Time, Panama.
Dr. Richard L. Knight, Doctoral Fellow in Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin · Dr. Susan K. Knight, Doctoral Fellow in Wildlife Ecology (same institution). The Foraging Ecology of Bald Eagles and Other Salmon-feeding Birds in the Pacific Northwest, Washington.
Dr. Myrfyn Owen, Assistant Director of Research, The Wildfowl Trust, England. Body Condition and Breeding Performance in the Barnacle Goose, Norway and Scotland.
Dr. Kimberly A. Sullivan, Adjunct Assistant Professor and Research Fellow, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany. Development of Behavior in Yellow-Eyed Juncos, Arizona.
Physical Sciences
Biogeochemistry
Dr. James A. Perry, Associate Professor of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota. Effects of Acid on Temporary Pool Ecosystems, Minnesota.
Geology
Dr. Geoff C. Brown, Professor of Earth Sciences, The Open University, England · Dr. Hazel Rymer, Research Fellow in Earth Sciences (same institution). Physical Volcanology of Askja Volcano and Thingvellir Rift Valley, Iceland.
Dr. David R. Kobluk, Associate Professor of Paleontology, University of Toronto, Canada. Ecology and Geology of Shallow Water Reef Cavity Systems: Coral Reefs of Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, and Intertidal Reef Flats of Malololailai Island, Fiji.
Paleontology
Dr. Larry D. Agenbroad, Professor of Geology, Northern Arizona University. Excavations at the Hot Springs Mammoth Site, South Dakota.
Dr. George Callison, Professor of Biology, California State University. Fossils of the Fruita Paleontological Area, Colorado.
Dr. David C. Christophel, Senior Lecturer in Botany, University of Adelaide, Australia. Three-dimensional Mapping of Fossil Leaf Deposits, Southern Australia.
Dr. George F. Engelmann, Associate Professor of Geology, University of Nebraska at Omaha. Small Jurassic Vertebrates from Dinosaur National Monument, Utah.
Dr. David W. Krause, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook. Evolutionary History of Paleocene Mammals in Western North America, Montana.
Dr. Thomas H. Rich, Curator of Paleontology, Museum of Victoria, Australia · Dr. Patricia V. Rich, Senior Lecturer in Earth Sciences and Zoology, Monash University, Australia. Mesozoic Fossil Vertebrates of Dinosaur Cove, Australia.
Social Sciences
Archaeology
Dr. Marvin J. Allison, Professor of Anthropology, University of Tarapacá, Chile. Reconstructing South Central Andean Prehistory, Chile.
Dr. Emmanuel Anati, Professor of Paleoethnology, Lecce University, Italy. Camunian Rock Engravings, Italy.
Martin Biddle, Director, Winchester Research Unit, University of Cambridge, England · Birthe Kjolbye-Biddle, Research Coordinator (same institution) · Dr. Harold M. Taylor, Architectural Historian (same institution). Anglo-Saxon and Viking Repton: Excavation of the Church at St. Wystan, England.
David R. Bush, Director, Archaeology Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University. Norma Grantham: Learning from a Prehistoric Cemetery, Ohio.
Daniel Evett, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Ithaca College. The Early Neolithic of the Tavoliere, Italy: Excavations and Survey at Ripa Tetta, Italy.
Dr. William L. Fash, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Northern Illinois University. Archaeology and Iconography at Copan, Honduras.
Dr. James P. Gallagher, Professor of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse and Executive Director, Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center. Sand Lake Archaeological Project, Wisconsin.
D. Blair Gibson, Doctoral Candidate in Anthropology, University of California at Los Angeles. Evolution of Complex Social Organization and Political Systems Among Prehistoric Pastoralists, Ireland.
Dr. Richard A. Gould, Professor of Anthropology, Brown University. The Archaeology of Empire: The Royal Navy Dockyard and Fortifications, Bermuda.
Dr. Richard J. Harrison, Lecturer in Archaeology, University of Bristol, U.K. Paleoeconomy of a Bronze Age Metal-Using Society, Spain.
Graeme Henderson, Curator of Maritime Archaeology, Western Australia Museum. Mermaid Atoll Whaler Shipwreck Excavation, Australia.
Dr. Thomas R. Hester, Director, Center for Archaeological Research and Professor of Anthropology, University of Texas at San Antonio · Dr. Harry J. Shafer, Professor of Anthropology, Texas A&M University · George Michaels, Doctoral Candidate in Anthropology, Texas A&M University. Middle Preclassic Maya Village at Colha, Belize.
Dr. Cynthia Irwin-Williams, Executive Director, Social Sciences Center at the Desert Research Institute, University of Nevada. Oshara: New Approaches to Ancient Hunters of the Southwest, New Mexico.
Dr. Hiro Kurashina, Research Archaeologist, Micronesia Area Research Center, University of Guam · Dr. Rebecca A. Stephenson, Associate Professor of Anthropology (same institution). Mapping and Stabilizing Ancient Polynesian Monuments, Rarotonga, Cook Islands.
Dr. Steve J. Langdon, Associate Professor of Anthropology, University of Alaska at Anchorage. Archaeological Survey of Intertidal Stone Fish Traps in the Prince of Wales Archipelago, Alaska.
J. Jefferson MacKinnon, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Lakeland College. Point Placencia Archaeological Project: The Ecology, Economy and Role of Coastal Areas in the Development of Maya Society, Belize.
Dr. Margaret G. H. Mac Lean, Junior Fellow in Pre-columbian Studies, Dumbarton Oaks. Mapping an Endangered Royal Inca Site, Historic Sanctuary at Machu Picchu, Peru.
Dr. Harold C. Mytum, Lecturer in Archaeology, University of York, England. Experimental Archaeology at Castell Henllys, Wales.
Presley Norton, President, Program for New World Anthropology, Ecuador. The Island Sanctuary of Salango: Ancient Settlement Patterns and Long-distance Trade along the Pacific Coast of South America, Ecuador.
Dominic Powlesland, Director, Heslerton Parish Archaeological Project, England and Visiting Lecturer in Archaeology, University of York, England. An Investigation of the Roman Settlement Patterns in the Vale of Pickering, Eastern Yorkshire, England.
Dr. David Price Williams, Field Director, Swaziland Archaeological Research Association, Swaziland National Trust Commission/University of London. Excavations at Siphosa Cave: Microlithic Cultures of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene in Southeast Africa, Swaziland.
Dr. Peter Reynolds, Director, Butser Ancient Farm Project Trust, England · Dr. David Price Williams, Field Director, Swaziland Archaeological Research Association, Swaziland National Trust Commission/University of London. An Investigation of Iron Age Agricultural and Land-use Practices, Swaziland.
Dr. Harry J. Shafer, Professor of Anthropology, Texas A&M University. Interdisciplinary Archaeological Study of the Mimbres Mongollen Lifestyle, New Mexico.
Dr. Yosihiko H. Sinoto, Chairman of Anthropology, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Hawaii. Fa'ahia: Archaeology of an Early Seafaring Culture, Huahine, French Polynesia.
Dr. E. Gary Stickel, Director of Research, Environmental Research Associates · Dr. Ervan G. Garrison, Associate Research Scientist, Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University · Dr. Ralph M. Rowlett, Professor of Anthropology, University of Missouri. Archaeological Survey of Lac De Neuchatel, Switzerland.
Dr. David Hurst Thomas, Curator of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History. Early Colonial History and Archaeology of St. Catharine's Island, Georgia.
Captain Percy J. Trezise, Research Associate, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies. Artists of the Sandstone: Aboriginal Rock Art of Quinkin County, Cape York Peninsula, Australia.
Dr. Michael K. Trimble, Research Associate in Anthropology, University of Missouri · Dr. Michael J. O'Brien, Associate Professor of Anthropology (same institution). Colonial History and Archaeology of Early Ste. Genevieve: The Saline Creek Site, Missouri.
Dr. William H. Waldren, Director, Deya Archaeological Museum and Research Center, Spain. Prehistoric Man of Majorca, Spain.
Dr. Gary Rex Walters, Director, Triad Research Services, Inc., Missouri. The Preclassic Maya at Tikal, Guatemala.
Dr. Michael R. Werner, Associate Professor and Chairman of Classics, State University of New York at Albany. The Effects of Roman Colonialism in the Mt. Kosmaj Region, Yugoslavia.
Dr. Peter C. Woodman, Professor and Head of Archaeology, University College Cork, Ireland. Excavation of Coastal Stone Age Settlements, Ireland.
Dr. Bailey K. Young, Assistant Professor of History, University of Paris · Dr. Christian Sapin, Researcher, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France. Early Christian and Medieval Autun, France.
Dr. Marek Zvelebil, Junior Research Fellow, University of Sheffield, England. Early Irish Prehistory: The Transition from Foraging to Farming, Ireland.
Humanities
Dr. V. Kofi Agawu, Assistant Professor of Music, Duke University. Forms of Rhythmic Expression in Northern Eweland, Ghana.
Sachiyo Ito, Faculty of Dance and Dance Education, New York University. Religious and Folk Origins of Okinawan Dance, Japan.
Dr. Kazadi wa Mukuna, Ethnomusicologist and Folklorist, Smithsonian Institution. Ethnomusicological Film and Analysis of Folk Drama, Bumba-Meu-Boi, Brazil.
Public Health
Dr. Prisca N. Nemapare, Assistant Professor of Foods and Nutrition, Ohio University. A Maternal Dietary Behavior Survey, Zimbabwe.
Dr. Narayan G. Patel, Senior Research Associate, Du Pont Company and Adjunct Professor, University of Delaware · Dr. Raymond F. Rosenthal, Physician. Ayurveda: Traditional Herbal Medicine, India.
Sustainable Development
Dr. Gary W. Barrett, Professor of Zoology and Co-Director, The Ecology Research Center, Miami University · Deborah M. Zimmerman, Doctoral Candidate in Zoology, Miami University. Ecological Approaches to Sewage Waste Disposal and Insect Pest Management, Ohio.
Dr. John E. Halver, Professor of Nutrition, University of Washington. Evaluation of Aquaculture Development, Hungary.
Dr. Deborah Rabinowitz, Associate Professor of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University. Maintenance of Genetic Variation of Potatoes in Indigenous Farming Systems, Peru.