The Center for Field Research (CFR) reviews and recommends proposals for support by Earthwatch Institute . Earthwatch Institute sponsors field studies worldwide by scholars working to investigate and/or conserve the Earth's physical, biological, and cultural heritage. Interested scholars should submit to CFR a two-page description of planned research and field methods including dates, budget, and plans for the use of Earthwatch Institute volunteers as field assistants. If funding for the proposed research is deemed appropriate, a more detailed full proposal will be invited for peer review. Earthwatch Institute and The Center for Field Research are not-for-profit organizations. The 1988 program was distributed as follows among the Life Sciences, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences. We are pleased to announce that the following projects were approved for Earthwatch Institute support in fiscal year 1988.
Life Sciences
Ecology
Dr. Mark D. Bertness, Associate Professor, Section of Population and Genetics, Brown University · Dr. Aaron M. Ellison, Research Associate, Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University · Dr. Irving A. Mendelssohn, Associate Professor of Marine Sciences, Louisiana State University. An Experimental Study of Interactions Between Mangrove Trees and their Intimately Associated Epifauna, Placencia Point, Belize.
Dr. David Malcolm Harper, Lecturer in Ecology, University of Leicester, England. Ecology and Conservation of Lake Naivasha, Kenya.
Diana K. Hews, Doctoral Candidate in Zoology, University of Texas at Austin · Dr. Michael J. Ryan, Assistant Professor of Zoology (same institution). An Experimental Study of Sexual Selection in the San Pedro Side-blotch Lizard, Uta palmeri, Mexico.
Dr. David W. Inouye, Associate Professor of Zoology, University of Maryland. Rocky Mountain Plants and Pollinators, Colorado.
Dr. William J. McShea, Research Associate, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution · Georg M. Schwede, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Biology, University of Bielefeld, West Germany. The Ecology of Forest Herbivores in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, Front Royal, Virginia.
Dr. Francois J. Odendaal, Research Associate in Zoology, Duke University · Dr. Mark D. Rausher, Professor of Zoology (same institution). Behavioral Ecology of Battus philenor Butterflies, Texas.
Dr. Larry J. Orsak, Entomologist, Scientific Methods, Inc., California. The Evolution of Insect Defenses in a Tropical Habitat, Papua New Guinea.
Dr. David C. Paton, Senior Teaching Fellow in Zoology, University of Adelaide, Australia. Pollination by Birds in South Australia.
Dr. Denis A. Saunders, Principal Research Scientist, CSIRO, Australia · Dr. Graham W. Arnold, Senior Principal Research Scientist (same institution). Ecology of Kangaroos, Echidnas and Birds in the Western Australian Wheatbelt.
Dr. Charles W. Slaughter, Principal Watershed Scientist, Institute of Northern Forestry, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Permafrost-Environment Watershed Systems and Resource Management Practices in Alaska's Taiga.
Dr. Nicholas Smirnoff, Lecturer in Biology, University of Exeter, England · Dr. Carlos A. Joly, Professor of Botany, University of Campinas, Brazil. Photosynthesis Pathways of Brazilian Plants, Brazil.
Dr. Michael E. Soulé, Adjunct Professor of Natural Resources, University of Michigan and President, Society for Conservation Biology · Dr. Lynn Maguire, Assistant Professor of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Duke University · Dr. Carl C. Biehl, Research Associate, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Colorado. Long-term Ecological Studies of the Subalpine Meadow Ecosystems, Colorado.
Dr. C. Richard Tracy, Professor of Zoology, Colorado State University. Thermoregulation by Chuckwalla Lizards on a Lava Flow in the Mojave Desert, California.
Mammalogy-Marine
Kenneth C. Balcomb, Research Biologist, Center for Whale Research, Washington. Long-term Studies of Killer Whale (Orcinus Orca) Pods in Puget Sound, Washington.
Adam Frankel, Research Associate, University of Hawaii at Manoa · Dr. Louis M. Herman, Director, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory and Professor of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa. A Study of Humpback Whales' Responses to Sound Playback, Hawaii.
Dr. Louis M. Herman, Director, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory and Professor of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa. Language Comprehension in Bottlenose Dolphins, Hawaii.
M. Michael Poole, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Biology, University of California at Santa Cruz. The Behavioral Ecology of Tahitian Spinner Dolphins, Fench Polynesia.
Dr. Randall S. Wells, Vice President of Research, Dolphin Biology Research Associates, Inc., Florida. Population Boiology and Behavior of Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins, Florida.
Dr. Randall S. Wells, Vice President of Research, Dolphin Biology Research Associates, Inc., Florida · Dr. Steven L. Swartz, Assistant Research Biologist, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California. Radiotelemetric Study of Rorqual Whales in Monterey Bay, California.
Dr. Bernd Wursig, Associate Professor of Marine Science, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, California. Foraging Behavior and Ecology of Dusky Dolphins in New Zealand.
Mammalogy-Terrestrial
Dr. Peter E. Busher, Assistant Professor, College of Basic Science, Boston University · Paul J. Lyons, Wildlife Biologist, Metropolitan District Commission, Massachusetts. Population Structure and Social Organization of an Unexploited Beaver Population in Western Massachusetts.
Dr. David B. Croft, Senior Lecturer in Zoology, University of New South Wales, Australia. Behavioural Ecology of Arid Zone Kangaroos, Australia.
Dr. Biruté M. F. Galdikas, Director and Founder, Orangutan Research and Conservation Center, Indonesia. Long-term Research on Wild Orangutans at Tanjung Puting National Park, Indonesia.
Daniel J. Groebner, Biology and Natural Resource Instructor, Vermillion Community College · Dr. William L. Robinson, Professor of Biology, Northern Michigan University. Movement Patterns and Home Range Use of Wisconsin Wolves, Wisconsin.
Dr. Rolf O. Peterson, Professor of Wildlife Ecology, Michigan Technological University. Moose-Wolf Ecology on Isle Royale, Michigan.
Dr. Jane E. Phillips-Conroy, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Washington University and Associate Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine · Dr. Clifford J. Jolly, Professor of Anthropology, New York University. Baboon Strategies, Awash National Park, Ethiopia.
Dr. Roger A. Powell, Associate Professor of Zoology, North Carolina State University. Black Bear Social Organization in the Southern Appalachian Mountins: Territoriality and Habitat Productivity, North Carolina.
Dr. Roger S. Seymour, Senior Lecturer in Zoology, University of Adelaide, Australia. Reproductive Behavior and Physiology of Echidnas, Australia.
Dr. Robert G. White, Professor of Zoophysiology and Nutrition and Deputy Director, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska. Nutritional Effects on Lactation, Nursing Behavior and Breeding Success of Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus), Alaska.
Dr. Katherine E. Wynne-Edwards, Assistant Professor, University of Kansas Medical Center. Monogamy and Physiology - Social Organization in Two Species of Siberian Dwarf Hamsters, Russia.
Marine Biology
Dr. M. Tundi Agardy, Research Fellow, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Massachusetts · Reyna Gil Hernandez, Coordinator of Sea Turtle Research, Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo, Mexico. Conservation and Study of Sea Turtles in Quintana Roo Province, Mexico.
Dr. Raymond T. Bauer, Research Associate Professor, Center for Crustacean Research and Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Biology, University of Southwestern Louisiana. Relationship Between Diet and Feeding Morphology in Decapod Shrimps, Louisiana.
David J. Booth, Doctoral Canidate in Zoology, Oregon State University · Dr. Mark Hixon, Assistant Professor of Zoology and Oceanography (same institution). Determinants of Territory Areas in Coral-Reef Damselfish, Hawaii.
Robert L. Brandner, Co-Director, Field Operations, St. Croix Leatherback Recovery Team, U.S.V.I. Department of Fish & Wildlife · Susan J. Basford, Co-Director, Field Operations, St. Croix Leatherback Recovery Team (same institution) · Ralf Boulon, Endangered Species Coordinator, U.S.V.I. Division of Fish & Wildlife. Breeding Biology of the Leatherback Sea Turtle, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands.
Dr. Alan J. Butler, Senior Lecturer in Zoology, University of Adelaide, Australia. Ascidians on Subtidal Rock Walls, Australia.
Bruce Joule, Marine Resource Scientist, Maine Department of Marine Reosources. Technicians' Pool for Labor Intensive Projects, Maine.
Dr. John K. Ling, Head, Division of Natural Sciences, South Australian Museum. St. of Fur Seals, Sea Lions and Southern Right Whales on Kangaroo Island, Australia.
John F. Morrissey, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Marine Science, University of Miami, Florida · Dr. Samuel H. Gruber, Professor, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmoshpheric Science, University of Miami. A Telemetric Study of the Behavior of the Lemon Shark in Bimini Lagoon, Bahamas.
Dr. Abby L. Schwarz, Independent Consultant, Canada. Sex Reversal, Social Organization and Parental Care in an Australian Damselfish, Dascyllus reticulatus, Australia.
Dr. Douglas Y. Shapiro, Professor of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico. Recruitment and Population Structure of a Coral Reef Fish, Israel.
Ornithology
Dr. Jaime A. Collazo, Wildlife Biologist, Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuges, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service · José A. Colón, Wildlife Biologist, Commonwealth Department of Natural Resources, Puerto Rico. Avian Studies in Southwestern Perto Rico.
Dr. Robert W. Furness, Lecturer in Zoology, University of Glasgow, Scotland. Shetland Seabirds: Competition with Fisheries?, Scotland.
Dr. Ian G. McLean, Senior Lecturer in Zoology, University of Canterbury, New Zealand. Community Structure of New Zealand Forest Birds.
Pilai Poonswad, Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Mahidol University, Thailand · Atsuo Tsuji, Lecturer, Department of Mathematics, Miejo University, Japan. The Ecology of Hornbills (Aves: Bucerotidae) in Central Thailand.
Physical Sciences
Biogeochemistry
Dr. Rhodes W. Fairbridge, Professor Emeritus of Geology, Columbia University. Climate Change in Southern Finland.
Dr. Kenneth H. Nealson, Distinguished Professor of Aquatic Sciences, Center for Great Lakes Studies, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee · Dr. Frederick Binkowski, Center for Great Lakes Studies, Wisconsin. Explorations at Lake Baikal, USSR.
Geography
Dr. Roger Mitchell, Head, Marine Science Branch, Nature Conservancy Council, England · Tom Mercer, Coordinator, Coastwatch, England · Teresa Bennett, Marine Ecologist, Nature Conservancy Council, England. A Comprehensive Survey of Coastal Habitats and Human Impacts, Northwest Scotland.
Geology
Dr. Geoff C. Brown, Professor of Earth Sciences, The Open University, England · Dr. Hazel Rymer, Research Fellow in Earth Sciences (same institution). Physical Volcanology of Askja and Thingvellir, Iceland.
Dr. David R. Kobluk, Associate Professor of Geology, University of Toronto. Ecology and Geology of Shallow Water Reef Cavities, Fiji; and Coral Reef Population Census, Population Dynamics, and Interactive Coral Reef Simulation Modeling, Netherlands Antilles.
Dr. William W. Locke, Assistant Professor of Geology, Montana State University. Holocene Volcano-tectonic Deformation in the Yellowstone Lake Basin, Wyoming.
Dr. William G. Melson, Curator, Division of Petrology and Volcanology, Smithsonian Institution · Dr. Victoria A. Funk, Curator, Department of Botany (same institution). Volcanology and Birth of a Tropical Forest: Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica.
Dr. Hazel Rymer, Research Fellow, The Open University, England · Dr. Geoff C. Brown, Professor of Earth Sciences (same institution). Physical Volcanology and Geothermal Steam Field Monitoring in Costa Rica.
Oceanography
Dr. Thomas C. Royer, Professor of Marine Science, University of Alaska. Gulf of Alaska Recirculation Study, Alaska.
Paleontology
Dr. Larry D. Agenbroad, Professor of Geology, Northern Arizona University. Excavations at the Hot Springs Mammoth Site, South Dakota.
Dr. David C. Christophel, Senior Lecturer in Botany, University of Adelaide, Australia. Three-dimensional Mapping of Fossil Leaf Deposits, Southern Australia.
Dr. George F. Engelmann, Associate Professor of Geology, University of Nebraska at Omaha. Small Fossil Vertebrates from the Jurassic Morrison Formation, Dinosaur National Monument, Utah.
Dr. Richard Lund, Professor of Biology, Adelphi University. Fossil Fishes of the Bear Gulch Limestone, Mississippian of Montana, Fergus County, Montana.
Dr. J. Keith Rigby, Jr., Assistant Professor of Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame. The Last of the North American Dinosaurs, Montana.
P. Martin Sander, Doctoral Candidate, University of Zurich, Switzerland. The Life and Death of Plateosaurus, Switzerland.
Social Sciences
Archaeology
Dr. E. Charles Adams, Associate Curator of Archaeology and Director, Homol'ovi Research Program, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona. Immigration and Aggregation: The Dynamics and the Settlement of Homol'ovi III and the Central Little Colorado River Valley, Arizona, A.D. 1250-1400.
Dr. Marvin J. Allison, Professor of Anthropology, University of Tarapacá, Chile. Reconstructing South Central Andean Prehistory, Chile.
Dr. Noel T. Boaz, Director, Virginia Museum of Natural History. Paleontological Excavation of the Pliocene Site of Senga 13B, Zaire.
Dr. Robson Bonnichsen, Associate Professor of Anthropology and Director, Center for the Study of Early Man, University of Maine · Dr. Mort D. Turner, Adjunct Professor of Geology, University of Maine. Ice Age Peoples of Southwestern Montana.
Gayle F. Carlson, Curator of Anthropology, Nebraska State Historical Society. Archaeology of the 1874 Cavalry Barracks, Site of the Cheyenne Outbreak, Fort Robinson, Nebraska.
Dr. Paul L. Cleghorn, Assistant Anthropologist, Bishop Museum, Hawaii · Timothy Flynn, Assistant Botanist, Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii. An Archaeological and Botanical Survey of Hana, Maui, Hawaiian Islands: Season I.
Dr. John Collis, Reader in Archaeology and Prehistory, University of Sheffield, England. Excavation and Survey of Iron Age Sites in the Auvergne, France.
Dr. William L. Fash, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Northern Illinois University. Archaeology and Iconography at Copan, Honduras.
Dr. Josephine Flood, Assistant Director, Australian Heritage Commission. The Lightening Brothers Project: Rock Art and Archaeology of the Wardaman People, Australia.
Dr. James P. Gallagher, Professor of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse and Executive Director, Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center. Midway Village Rescue, Wisconsin.
Dr. Ervan G. Garrison, Research Scientist, Texas A&M University · Dr. E. Gary Stickel, Director of Research, Environmental Research Archaeologists · Dr. Ralph M. Rowlett, Professor of Anthropology, University of Missouri. Lost Cultures of Lac de Neuchatel, Switzerland.
Dr. Joan M. Gero, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, University of South Carolina. Governance and Production: The Earliest Administrative Centers in the Callejón de Huaylas, Perú.
Dr. Richard A. Gould, Professor of Anthropology, Brown University. The Archaeology of Empire: The Royal Navy Dockyard and Fortifications, Bermuda.
Dr. Faith Harrington, Assistant Professor of Archaeology, Boston University and Historic Sites Archaeologist, New Hampshire Historical Society. Maritime Archaeology at the Isles of Shoals, New Hampshire.
Dr. Richard J. Harrison, Lecturer in Archaeology, University of Bristol, U.K. Paleoeconomy of a Bronze Age Metal-Using Society, Spain.
Dr. John H. Humphrey, Professor, Department of Classical Studies, University of Michigan · Dr. Susan T. Stevens, Independent Consultant · Mark B. Garrison, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Classical Art and Archaeology, University of Michigan. A Late Roman Cemetery at Carthage, Tunisia.
Paul F. Hundley, Research Officer, Western Australian Maritime Museum. Survey of a 19th Century Shipwreck, the "Edwin Fox", New Zealand.
Dr. Hiro Kurashina, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Micronesia Area Research Center, University of Guam · Dr. Rebecca A. Stephenson, Associate Professor of Anthropology (same institution). Mapping and Stabilizing Ancient Polynesian Monuments, Rarotonga, Cook Islands.
J. Jefferson MacKinnon, Professor, Shimer College. Point Placencia Archaeology Project: The Ecology, Economy and Role of Coastal Areas in the Development of Maya Society, Belize.
Dr. Roger Martlew, Research Associate in Archaeology, Leicester University, England. The Glengorm Standing Stones, Scotland.
Dr. Harold C. Mytum, Lecturer in Archaeology, University of York, England. Experimental Archaeology at Castell Henllys, Wales and Gibraltar--Outpost of Britain, Gibraltar.
Dr. Michael J. O'Brien, Associate Professor of Anthropology and Director, Division of American Archaeology, University of Missouri-Columbia · Dr. Teresita Majewski, Research Archaeologist, Division of American Archaeology, University of Missouri-Columbia · Dr. Michael K. Trimble, Staff Archaeologist, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Archaeology of the Saline Creek Valley, Ste. Genevieve, Missouri.
Dominic Powlesland, Director, Heslerton Parish Archaeological Project, England. Heslerton Parish Project, England.
Jean-Pierre Protzen, Professor of Architecture, University of California at Berkeley. Inc Architecture, Perú.
Dr. Barbara A. Purdy, Professor of Anthropology, University of Florida at Gainesville. Archaeological Investigations at a Wetlands Site in Volusia County, Florida.
Francisco M. V. R. Queiroga, Head, Department of Archaeology, City Council of Vila Nova de Famali*ao, Portugal. The Iron Age Hillforts of North Portugal.
Dr. Marcus L. Rautman, Assistant Professor of Art History and Archaeology, University of Missouri-Columbia · Dr. Murray C. McClellan, Research Associate, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. The Kalavasos-Kopetra Project, Cyprus.
Dr. Christopher Raven, Director of Research, Great Basin Foundation, California. The Panamint Project, Part 12: The Geography of Ancient Ceremony, California.
Elizabeth Righter, State Archaeologist, Division for Archaeology and Historic Preservation, St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Zufriedenheit Archaeological Project, U.S. Virgin Islands.
Dr. Alan H. Simmons, Assistant Research Professor, Desert Research Institute, University of Nevada · Dr. Gary Rollefson, Professor of Anthropology, San Diego State University. Interdisciplinary Archaeological Investigations at Neolithic ÔAin Ghazal and Wadi Shu'eib, Central Jordan.
Dr. Laurie C. Steponaitis, Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina. Settlement and Subsistence in Coastal Maryland, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1600, Maryland.
Dr. Christopher M. Stevenson, Senior Research Archaeologist, The Archaeological and Historical Consultants, Inc., Pennsylvania. The Excavation of Easter Island Residential Sites, Chile.
Dr. William H. Waldren, Research Fellow, Oxford University and Director, Deya Archaeological Museum and Research Center, Spain. Prehistoric Man of Majorca, Spain.
Dr. Gary Rex Walters, Director, Triad Research Services, Inc., Missouri. Maya Ceremonial Caves, Belize.
Dr. David R. Yesner, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, University of Alaska. Archaeology of the North Beagle Channel, Tierra Del Fuego, Argentina.
Humanities
Lynn A. Meisch, Vice President, Fundación Jatari (Perú): Andean Education and Research · Laura Miller, School of Medicine, University of Maryland. Weaving and Costume in Central Ecuador: Research for an Exhibition and Catalog at the Textile Museum in Washington, DC.
E. Logan Wagner, Research Scholar, School of Architecture, University of Texas at Austin · Hal Box, Dean, School of Architecture (same institution). Mexican Art of Building, Mexico.
Dr. Linda Welters, Associate Professor of Textiles, Fashion Marketing and Design, University of Rhode Island. Women's Traditional Dress in Boeotia, Greece.
Public Health
Dr. Alain Froment, Epidemiologist and Bioanthropologist, Office for Scientific & Technical Research Overseas (ORSTOM), France; and Scientist, Center for Nutrition, Cameroon Ministry of Research · Dr. Igor De Garine, Director of Research, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), France. Nutritional Strategies and Health Among Traditional Societies of Northern Cameroon.
Dr. Mathura P. Shrestha, Chairman, Department of Community Medicine and Professor of Community Medicine, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Nepal · Dr. William J. Bicknell, Director, Office of Special Projects and Professor of Public Health, Boston University School of Public Health and Health Policy Institute · Dr. Yogendra P. Pradhananga, Lecturer in Public Health, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine · Sarah B. Degnan, Associate Director for International Programs, Boston University School of Public Health and Health Policy Institute. Project Dhulikhel: A Public Health and Medical Sociological Study of the Health Sector in a Rural Nepalese Township, Nepal.
Dr. Hernan Mario Zegarra, Doctoral Candidate in Medical Anthropology, University of Connecticut. Effects of Community Organization and Physical Development on Household Responses to Infant Diarrhea in Urban Areas: The Case of Lima, Perú.
Sustainable Development
Dr. Gary W. Barrett, Distinguished Professor of Ecology and Co-Director, Ecology Research Center, Miami University · Dr. Douglas H. Taylor, Professor of Zoology and Co-Director, Ecology Research Center (same institution) · Dr. Nicholas Rodenhouse, Post-doctoral Researcher in Ecology (same institution). Ecological Approaches to Sewage Waste Disposal and Agroecosystem Ecology, Ohio.
Charlotte Revilla Cerf, Doctoral Candidate in Cultural Anthropology, Columbia University. The Canoe Fisherman of Coastal Brazil.
Dr. Richard H. Chesher, Vice President, Marine Research Foundation, Florida. Biological Impact of Giant Clam Circles in Tonga, South Pacific.
Dr. David L. Miller, Associate Professor of Geography, State University of New York at Cortland. Spiny Lobster Resource Preservation in the Biosphere Reserve Sian Ka'an, Mexico.