The Center for Field Research (CFR) reviews and recommends proposals for support by Earthwatch Institute . Earthwatch Institute sponsors field studies worldwide by scholars working to investigate and/or conserve the Earth's physical, biological, and cultural heritage. Interested scholars should submit to CFR a two-page description of planned research and field methods including dates, budget, and plans for the use of Earthwatch Institute volunteers as field assistants. If funding for the proposed research is deemed appropriate, a more detailed full proposal will be invited for peer review. Earthwatch Institute and The Center for Field Research are not-for-profit organizations. The 1994 program was distributed as follows among the Life Sciences, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences. We are pleased to announce that the following projects were approved for Earthwatch Institute support in fiscal year 1994.
Life Sciences
Ecology
Dr. Robin C. Brace, Lecturer in Zoology, University of Nottingham, U.K. · Dr. Christopher J. Barnard, Reader in Zoology (same institution) · Dr. Francis S. Gilbert, Lecturer in Ecology and Entomology, Department of Life Sciences (same institution). Ecology, Biogeography and Conservation of Forest Island Faunas, Bolivia.
Dr. Peter E. Busher, Acting Chairperson and Associate Professor, Division of Science and Mathematics · Susan D. Deno, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Biology, Boston University. Prey Base Diversity and Habitat Selection by Predators in the Sierra Nevada, California.
Dr. Walter P. Carson, Postdoctoral Associate, Princeton University · Dr. Stephen P. Hubbell, Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University. The Role of Mammalian Herbivores in Conserving Tropical Forest Diversity: A Forgotten Component in Rainforest Management, Panama.
Dr. Martin R. Cheek, Scientific Officer for West and Congolian Africa, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K. · Terence C. H. Sunderland, Doctoral Candidate, Oxford University, U.K. Botanical Inventory of Lower Altitude Rain Forests, Mount Cameroon.
Dr. William E. Conner, Associate Professor of Biology, Wake Forest University. Arctiid Moths of the Ecuadorian Cloud Forest.
Dr. A. Gaylon Cook, Founder and President, BioConservation Research, Utah · Prof. Filomeno Encarnación, Director of Research and Management, Peruvian Project of Primatology and Professor of Biological Sciences, Major National University of San Marcos · Dr. Jerran T. Flinders, Professor of Wildlife and Range Resources, Brigham Young University. Ecological Research in Northwestern Peru Biosphere Reserve (NPBR).
Dr. David Malcolm Harper, Lecturer in Ecology, University of Leicester, U.K. · Dr. Phil Hickley, Fisheries Manager, National Rivers Authority, England · Dr. Kenneth Mavuti, Lecturer in Zoology, University of Nairobi. Inside Lake Naivasha and HellÕs Gate National Park, Kenya.
Dr. David W. Inouye, Professor of Zoology, University of Maryland. Field Biology at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Colorado.
Dr. William J. McShea, Research Associate, Conservation and Research Center, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution. The Impact of White-tailed Deer on Forest Communities in the Eastern U.S., Virginia.
Dr. Peter L. Meserve, Professor of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University · W. Bryan Milstead, Doctoral Candidate, University of Maryland · Dr. Julio R. Gutiérrez, Professor of Plant Ecology, Universidad de La Serena, Chile · Dr. Luis C. Contreras, Professor, Department of Biology, Universidad de La Serena. Role of Biotic Interactions in a Northern Semiarid Small Mammal Community in Chile.
Dr. James E. Perry, III, Coastal Systems Ecologist, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary and Principal Investigator, NOAA Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve System, Virginia · Sharon DEarthwatch Instituteng, Senior Laboratory Specialist, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary. Analysis of Yearly Changes in Vegetation Patterns of Tidal Wetlands of Chesapeake Bay, Virginia.
Dr. Gary A. Polis, Associate Professor of Biology, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee. Biogeography and Ecology of Lizards and Spiders from the Gulf of California, Mexico.
Dr. Peter A. Quinby, Executive Director and Research Scientist, Ancient Forest Exploration and Research, Ontario. Ontario's Ancient Forests, Canada.
Prof. Milena Rychnovská, Head, Ecological Department, Palacky University, The Czech Republic · Dr. David Malcolm Harper, Lecturer in Ecology, University of Leicester, U.K. Ecological Investigation in Endangered Czech Wetlands, The Czech Republic.
Dr. Charles Slaughter, Principal Watershed Scientist, Institute of Northern Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Alaska; Adjunct Professor of Water Resources, Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; and Principal Research Associate, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks · Dr. John G. Irons III, Research Aquatic Biologist, Institute of Northern Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Alaska. Alaska Taiga Stream/Watershed Ecosystem Processes, Alaska.
Paul Yoxon, Director, Skye Environmental Centre, Scotland. Habitat Utilization of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) on the Isle of Skye, Scotland.
Inventory and Monitoring
Dr. Leo J. Borkin, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Herpetology, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences · Dr. Valery K. Eremchenko, Head, Zoological Museum, Institute of Biology, Kirghiz Academy of Sciences. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Tien-Shan Mountains: Diversity and Speciation, Kirghizia.
Dr. Zsolt Debreczy, Visiting Scientist, Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Massachusetts and Director, Dendrological Atlas Project, Museum of Natural History, Budapest · Dr. István Rácz, Mercer Fellow and Visting Scientist, Arnold Arboretum. Documenting High Mountain Dendroflora in Southern Mexico.
Dr. Arthur E. Dunham, Professor of Biology, University of Pennsylvania. Long-term Environmental Monitoring Program for Big Bend National Park, Texas.
Dr. Judd A. Howell, Wildlife Biologist, U.S. National Park Service, Golden Gate National Recreation Area, California · Seth Riley, Doctoral Candidate, University of California, Davis, and Research Associate, U.S. National Park Service, California. Carnivore and Inventory Monitoring Studies in Golden Gate National Recreation Area, California.
Prof. Roger L. Kitching, Professor of Ecology, Griffith University, Australia · Dr. Susan McIntyre, National Research Fellow, Department of Ecosystem Management, University of New England, Australia. Insects and their Impact in the Subtropical and Tropical Rain Forests of Australia.
Dr. Tim Moulton, Research Director, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Aplicadas de Recursos Naturais da Ilha do Cardoso (CEPARNIC), Brazil · Maria do Rosário de Almeida Braga, Doctoral Candidate, CEPARNIC · Dr. William E. Magnusson, Associate Researcher, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Brazil. Conservation Biology of Ilha do Cardoso, Brazil.
Dr. David A. Nickle, Research Entomologist and Unit Leader, Hymenoptera-Orthoptera Research Group, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, US National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution · Dr. James L. Castner, Biological Photographer, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida. Katydids of the Peruvian Amazon.
Dr. Christopher John Raxworthy, Research Associate, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. Rainforest Reptiles and Amphibians of Madagascar. .
John E. Roth, Resource Management Specialist, Oregon Caves National Monument. Cave Formations and Macro-invertebrate Baselines, Oregon.
Geoffrey M. Smith, Natural Resource Management Trainee/Specialist, Capulin Volcano National Monument, New Mexico · Dr. A. L. Gennaro (Consultant), Director, Natural History Museum, Eastern New Mexico University. Monitoring and Refining Plant Communities at Capulin Volcano National Monument, New Mexico.
Terence Wells, Plant Ecologist/Botanist, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, U.K. · Nicholas Riddiford (Consultant), Director, Fair Isle Bird Observatory, Shetland Islands. Biodiversity of Wetlands at S'Albufera, Mallorca, Spain.
Mammalogy-Marine
Kenneth C. Balcomb, III, Research Biologist and Vice President, Center for Whale Research, Washington · Diane Claridge, Research Biologist (same institution). Visual and Acoustic Survey of Bahamian Marine Mammal Species and Habitats.
Kenneth C. Balcomb, III, Research Biologist and Vice President, Center for Whale Research, Washington · Dr. Astrid Maria van Ginneken, Assistant Professor of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam. Long-term Studies of Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Pods in Puget Sound, Washington.
Dr. Peter B. Best, Senior Research Officer, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, South Africa. Survey of Humpback and Right Whale Breeding Grounds off Madagascar, Mozambique and South Africa.
Dr. Wang Ding, Associate Professor, Department of River Dolphin Research, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences · Zhang Xianfeng, Research Associate and Vice Director (same institution). Population Biology of Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) in Tian-e-zhou Baiji Natural Reserve, China.
Dr. David A. Duffus, Assistant Professor, Geography Department, University of Victoria · Joanna Bass, Doctoral Candidate and Research Assistant (same institution). Ecology and Management of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) Summering on the West Coast on Vancouver Island, Canada.
Dr. Peter G. H. Evans, Scientific Director, Sea Watch Foundation, England and Research Associate, Zoology Department, University of Oxford · Dr. James Heimlich-Boran, Program Manager, Sea Watch Foundation. Economic, Educational and Research Roles of Whalewatching in Britain and Ireland.
Daniela Maldini Feinholz, Director, Monterey Bay Coastal Dolphin Project. Photo-identification, Behavioral Patterns, and Long-range Movements of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Monterey Bay, California.
Jay F. Gorzelany, Senior Biologist, Mote Marine Laboratory, Florida and Coordinator, Marine Mammal Stranding Program · Dr. Randall S. Wells, Behavioral Ecologist, Conservation Biology Department, Brookfield Zoo, Chicago. Residence Patterns and Habitat of Florida Manatees.
Dr. Louis M. Herman, Director, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory and Professor of Psychology, University of Hawaii, Manoa. Intelligence and Communication in Dolphins, Hawaii.
Dr. Louis M. Herman, Director, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory and Professor of Psychology, University of Hawaii, Manoa. The Age/Sex Composition and Residency Structure of Wintering Humpback Whales, Hawaii.
Dr. Ronald J. Schusterman, Research Marine Biologist and Adjunct Professor of Marine Studies, Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, Santa Cruz · David Kastak, Doctoral Candidate (same institution). Pinniped Acoustic Behavior, California.
Dr. Randall S. Wells, Behavioral Ecologist, Brookfield Zoo, Chicago/Mote Marine Laboratory and Vice President of Research, Dolphin Biology Research Associates, Inc. · Dr. Andrew Read, Post-doctoral Fellow, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute · Dr. Michael Scott, Biologist, Comision Interamericana del Atum Tropical, Scripps Institute of Oceanography · Dr. Blair Irvine, Biologist, National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory, Gainesville, Florida. Population Biology and Behavior of Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins, Florida.
Dr. Bernd WŸrsig, Professor of Marine Mammalogy, Marine Mammal Research Program, Texas A&M University at Galveston · Dr. Elisabeth Slooten, Lecturer, Department of Zoology, University of Otago, New Zealand. The Dusky Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus: Effects of Human Activities, New Zealand.
Mammalogy-Terrestrial
Dr. Govindasamy Agoramoorthy, Visiting Scientist, Smithsonian Institution, and Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Ohio State University · Dr. John D. Harder, Associate Professor, Department of Zoology, Ohio State University. A Field Study of the Demography and Behavior of Red Howler Monkeys in Venezuela.
Dr. Sky Alibhai, Lecturer in Zoology, University of London; Zoe Jewell, Independent Researcher. Rhinoceros Survey in Zimbabwe.
Dr. Raphael Ben-Shahar, Research Assistant, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, U.K. Elephants and their Habitats in North Botswana, Africa.
Dr. Boguslaw Bobek, Professor of Wildlife and Head, Wildlife Management Research Unit, Jagiellonian University, Poland · Dr. Kajetan Perzanowski, Acting Vice Director, Institute of Environmental Biology (same institution). Mutual Relationships Between Wolves and Deer, Bieszczady Mountains, Poland.
Dr. Wolfgang P. J. Dittus, Research Associate, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution; Director, Primate Studies Program, Institute of Fundamental Studies, Sri Lanka; and Advisor for Wildlife Conservation, Government of Sri Lanka. Behavioral and Ecological Relations Among Social Groups of Wild Toque Macaques (Macaca sinica) of Sri Lanka.
Dr. Martha Heath, Visiting Scientist, Environmental Medicine Department, Navy Medical Research Institute, Maryland; Director, Autonomic Assessment Laboratory and Associate Research Scientist, Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York; and Research Associate, Audubon Zoo, New Orleans. Ecology and Conservation of the Cape Pangolin, Zimbabwe.
Dr. G. Roy Horst, Associate Professor of Biology, S.U.N.Y. College at Postdam. Age Distribution and Population Dynamics of the Mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) on Caribbean Islands, St. Croix and Puerto Rico.
Dr. Alison Jolly, Visiting Lecturer, Department of Biology, Princeton University · Professor Hantanirina Rasamimanana, Assistant Professor of Zoology, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar. Madagascar Lemurs at Berenty.
Alexine Keuroghlian, Doctoral Candidate, University of Nevada, Reno. The Response of Peccaries to Seasonal Fluctuations in an Isolated Patch of Tropical Forest, Brazil.
Dr. John W. Laundré, Adjunct Professor of Biology, Idaho State University · Dr. Donald P. Streubel, Professor of Biology (same institution). Biology, Ecology, and Conservation of Mountain Lions in Fragmented Habitat, Idaho.
Dr. Hamish McCallum, Lecturer, Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, Australia · Dr. Tim Clancy, Conservation Officer, Queensland National Parks and Wildlife Service. Macropod Ecology in Semi-arid Queensland.
Dr. Rolf O. Peterson, Professor of Wildlife Ecology, Michigan Technological University. Moose-Wolf Ecology on Isle Royale, Michigan.
Dr. Roger A. Powell, Professor, Departments of Zoology and Forestry, North Carolina State University. Social Organization and Energetics of Black Bears, North Carolina.
Dr. Kenneth C. Richardson, Senior Lecturer, Division of Veterinary Biology, Murdoch University, Western Australia · Dr. Ronald D. Wooller, Senior Lecturer in Biological Sciences (same institution). Honey Possum and Honeyeater Biology, Western Australia.
Dr. Peggy D. Rismiller, Senior Research Associate, University of Adelaide, South Australia. Echidna Ecology, South Australia.
Douglas W. Smith, Research Associate, Michigan Technological University and Doctoral Candidate, University of Nevada, Reno. Beaver Social Behavior and Population Dynamics in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota.
Dr. James L. David Smith, Professor of Wildlife Biology, University of Minnesota · Dr. David Garshelis, Research Biologist, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and Adjunct Professor, University of Minnesota · Anup Joshi, Ecologist, Nepal Conservation Research and Training Center and Doctoral Candidate, University of Minnesota. Factors Limiting Abundance and Distribution of Sloth Bears, Nepal.
Dr. James L. David Smith, Professor of Wildlife Biology, University of Minnesota · Theerapat Prayurasiddhi, Director, Kao Nang Rum Research Station, Thailand · Dr. Schwann Tunhikorn, Royal Forest Department, Thailand. Ecological Separation of Gaur and Banteng: Conservation Implications of Increasing Habitat Overlap, Thailand.
John Terwilliger, Field Investigator and Instructor, International Wolf Center and Vermillion Community College · Lori J. Schmidt, Field Investigator and Instructor (same institutions) · Dr. L. David Mech, Wildlife Research Biologist, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station and Adjunct Professor, Department of Ecology and Behavioral Biology, University of Minnesota. Movement Patterns and Travel Associations of Wolves on the Superior National Forest, Minnesota.
Dr. Robert G. White, Professor of Zoophysiology and Nutrition, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks · Pamela Groves, Doctoral Candidate (same institution). Nutritional Effects on Lactation, Nursing Behavior, and Breeding Success of Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus), Alaska.
Marine Biology
Dr. Richard H. Chesher, Vice President, Marine Research Foundation, Colorado. Tongan Coral Reef Survey and Revitalization, South Pacific.
Jean De Marignac, Doctoral Candidate, University of Miami · Dr. Samuel H. Gruber (Consultant), Professor, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami. Homing Behavior and its Sensory Basis in the Lemon Shark (Negaprion brevirostris) in Bimini Lagoon, Bahamas.
Dr. Jerry F. Downhower, Professor of Zoology, The Ohio State University · Dr. Luther P. Brown, Professor of Biology, George Mason University. Social Control of Life Histories: Behavioral and Ecological Investigations of Freshwater Bahamian Fish Communities, Bahamas.
Peter Dutton, Principal Investigator, Sea World Research Institute, San Diego · Donna McDonald, Research Assistant (same institution) · Ralf H. Boulon, Endangered Species Coordinator, USVI Division of Fish and Wildlife. Breeding Biology of the Leatherback Sea Turtle, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands.
Dr. Paul H. Forestell, Director of Research and Education, Pacific Whale Foundation, Hawaii · Eric K. Brown, Senior Research Associate (same institution). Tropical Reef Dynamics, Hawaii.
Paul D. Hough, Biologist/Research Officer, The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Aquarium, Australia · Dr. Jan Morrissey, Assistant Curator (same institution). The Captive Breeding of Great Barrier Reef Corals, Australia.
Maria Angela Guagni dei Marcovaldi, President, Fundaco Pró-Tamar, Brazil. Sea Turtle Conservation and Research, Brazil.
Dr. John R. McConaugha, Associate Professor of Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Virginia · Robert D. Brumbaugh, Doctoral Candidate (same institution). Blue Crab Recruitment in Black Barrier Lagoons of Virginia's Eastern Shore.
Thomas A. McGrath, Biology Professor, Corning Community College, New York · Dr. Garriett W. Smith, Associate Professor of Biology, University of South Carolina, Aiken · Dr. Donald T. Gerace, Director, Bahamian Field Station, San Salvador. Long-term Study of Coral Bleaching on Reefs of San Salvador Island, Bahamas.
Dr. William O. McLarney, Co-Director, ANAI, Costa Rica · Sr. Herman Benson Venegas Robinson, Director of Field Operations (same institution) · Sr. Didiher Chacón Chaverri, Director of Studies, Tarpon Project (same institution). Conservation of the Leatherback Turtle, Gandoca/Manzanillo, Costa Rica.
Dr. Simon C. Nemtzov, Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Israel · Nurit G. Popper, Principal Biologist, Coral Beach Nature Reserve, Eilat, Israel. Behavioral Ecology of Garden Eels, and Coral Reef Conservation in the Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea.
Dr. Frank V. Paladino, Biology Professor, Purdue University · Dr. James R. Spotila, Betz Chair of Environmental Science, Drexel University · Dr. David C. Rostal, Post-doctoral Research Associate, Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, San Diego Zoo. Leatherback Turtle Nesting Ecology and Physiology/Tropical Herpetofauna Behavior and Ecology, Costa Rica.
Dr. Garriet W. Smith, Associate Professor of Biology, University of South Carolina, Aiken. Seagrass Biomass and Species Distribution: An Indicator of Oceanic Pollution, Bahamas.
James L. Van Tassell, Field Associate, Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History · Dr. Ricardo Haroun, Professor, Department of Biology, University of Gran Canaria · Jesus Falcon, Doctoral Candidate, Universidad de La Laguna. Fishes of the Canary Islands: Quantitative Habitat Study.
Dr. Howard E. Winn, Oceanographer, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island · Dr. Susan L. Hammen, Adjunct Professor of Botany (same institution). Behavioral Ecology of Coral Reef Fish Communities, Belize.
Ornithology
Michael S. W. Bradstreet, Executive Director, Long Point Bird Observatory, Ontario · Jon D. McCracken, Migration Program Manager (same institution). Monitoring Songbird Migration at Long Point, Lake Erie, Canada.
Donna A. Dewhurst, Wildlife Biologist, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Peninsula/Becharof National Wildlife Refuge Complex. Neotropical Bird Monitoring - Alaska Peninsula NWR.
Dr. Peter V. Driscoll, Consultant Biologist and Queensland Regional Coordinator, Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme · Dr. Kees Hulsman, Lecturer, School of Australian Environmental Studies, Griffith University, Australia. Monitoring of the Northward Migration of Shorebirds in Moreton Bay, Queensland.
David C. Evers, Doctoral Candidate, University of Minnesota · James Paruk, Wildlife Ecologist, Seney National Wildlife Refuge, Michigan. Great Lakes Common Loons, Michigan.
Dr. Alan Fielding, Senior Lecturer in Ecology, Manchester Metropolitan University, U.K. · Dr. Paul Haworth, Freelance Ecologist, Argyllshire, U.K. Foraging Activities of Predatory and Scavenging Birds in Northwest Scotland.
Dr. Robert B. Hamilton, Associate Professor, School of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, Louisiana State University · Keith Ouchley, Doctoral Candidate (same institution) · Dr. David N. Pashley, Director of Science and Stewardship, The Nature Conservancy of Louisiana. Neotropical Migrants in Louisiana's Bottomland Hardwood Forests.
Dr. Weishu Hsu, Associate Professor and Head, Department of Zoology, Beijing Natural History Museum; Vice Secretary General, China Ornithological Society; and Secretary General, Chinese Association of Natural Science Museums. Surveys of Migratory and Breeding Birds, Beidaihe, Hebei Province, China.
Timothy G. Laman, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University · Kathleen E. Fischer, Doctoral Candidate in Biology and Anthropology (same institution) · Philip A. Gregory, Teacher, Tabubil International School and Editor of Muruk, Papua New Guinea Bird Society. New Guinea Birds.
Dr. James Mills, Research Scientist, New Zealand Science and Research Division, Department of Conservation. Colonial Red-billed Gull Study, New Zealand.
Dr. Denis A. Saunders, Principal Research Scientist, Division of Wildlife and Ecology, CSIRO, Australia. Bird Movements in Agricultural Landscapes, Western Australia.
Physical Sciences
Biogeochemistry
Dr. William C. Burnett, Associate Professor of Oceanography, Florida State University · Dr. Jeffrey P. Chanton, Assistant Professor of Oceanography (same institution). Submarine Springs of Apalachee, Florida.
Dr. Mark E. Harmon, Research Assistant Professor, Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University · Dr. Olga N. Krankina, Visiting Scholar (same institution). The Role of Russian Forests in the Global Carbon Cycle.
Dr. Daniel A. Jaffe, Assistant Professor · Dr. Alexander Baklanov, Research Scientist, Kola Science Center of the North Industrial Problems, Russia. Air Pollution in the Russian Arctic.
Professor Rudolf Jaffe, Associate Professor, Florida International University · Professor Haymara M. A. Alvarez, Professor of Limnology and Ecology and Chairman, Department of Environmental Studies, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela. Organic Biogeochemistry of the Orinoco River System, Venezuela.
Dr. David R. Young, Professor of Oceanography, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University · Dr. Igor N. Taganov, Director, Center for International Environmental Initiatives, Russian Geographical Society. Preserving Lake Baikal - Pollutant Inputs and Food Web Magnification, Siberia.
Geography
Dr. Martin J. Haigh, Principal Lecturer in Physical Geography, Oxford Brooks University, U.K. and Vice President, World Association of Soil and Water Conservation · Dr. Marin Penkov, Minister of Land Resources for Bulgaria and Professor, University of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, Sofia, Bulgaria · Professor Svetla Gentcheva, Vice Director, Academy of Forest Engineering, Sofia and Deputy Head, Department of Ecology and Nature Conservation · Dr. Elena Zheleva, Associate Professor, University of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, Sofia. Geoecological Approach to the Reclamation of Surface Coal-mine Devastated Land, Bulgaria and South Wales.
Dr. Adám Kertész, Head, Department of Physical Geography, Geographical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Environmental Science and Planning to Restore and Sustain Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Dr. Anatoly F. Mandych, Head, Department of Methodology of Geosystems Studies, and Head, Coastal Geographic Systems Laboratory, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences. Mountains-Sea: Overcoming Contradictions of Ecologically Sustainable Development along the Black Sea, Russia.
Geology
Dr. Stephen V. Cofer-Shabica, Resources Management Specialist, Cumberland Island National Seashore · Dr. Charles W. Shabica, Professor of Earth Sciences, Northeastern Illinois University. Shoreline Migration and Marsh Dynamics on Cumberland Island National Seashore, Georgia.
Dr. Yuri M. Doubik, Senior Scientist, Institute of Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences · Dr. Michael Sheridan, Chairman and Professor, Department of Geology, S.U.N.Y. at Buffalo · Dr. Yuri A. Taran, Chief, Laboratory of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. Catastrophic Volcanic Blasts on Kamchatka, Russia.
Dr. Andrew N. Genes, Associate Professor, Geography and Earth Sciences Department, University of Massachusetts, Boston · Dr. Geoffrey W. Smith, Professor, Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio University · Dr. R. Damian Nance, Professor, Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio University. The Glacial and Pleistocene Geology of Mount Olympus, Greece.
Dr. Gary L. Kinsland, Professor of Geology, The University of Southwestern Louisiana · Dr. Timothy W. Duex, Assistant Professor of Geology (same institution) · Dr. Daniel R. Tucker, Associate Professor of Geology (same institution). Sierra Quemada Caldera Eruptions: Big Bend National Park, Texas.
Dr. Corinne Locke, Senior Lecturer, Auckland University, New Zealand · Dr. John Cassidy, Senior Lecturer in Geophysics (same institution). Geophysical Structure, Petrology and Geochemistry of the Taranaki Volcanoes, New Zealand.
Dr. Darrel Maddy, University Researcher, Department of Geography, Southampton University, U.K. · Dr. David H. Keen, Senior Lecturer in Geography, Coventry University, U.K. · Professor Paul F. Karrow, Department of Earth Sciences, Waterloo University, Ontario, Canada. River Development in Southwestern Ontario, Canada.
Dr. LEarthwatch Institutes A. Owen, Lecturer, Department of Geography and Geology, Royal Holoway and Bedford New College, England. Environmental Change and Landscape Evolution in the Lahul Himalaya, India.
Professor W. Brian Whalley, Head of Research, School of Geosciences, Queens University, Belfast. Glacio-environmental Investigations in the Eastern French Alps.
Hydrology
Dr. Josef Krecek, Associate Professor, Institute of Applied Ecology, Agricultural University of Prague, The Czech Republic. Acid Rain: Rehabilitation of the Air Pollution Damaged Headwaters of North Bohemia, The Czech Republic.
Dr. Jeffrey J. McDonnell, Assistant Professor, Department of Forest Resources, and Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Geography and Earth Resources, Utah State University; and Principal Faculty Coordinator, Utah State University-NASA Earth System Science Education Program. Japan's Cedar Forest Watershed.
Dr. Asher P. Schick, Professor of Physical Geography, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. Floods in the Southern Negev Desert, Israel.
Marina M. Timofeyeva, Hydrologist, Water Management Department, Estonian Land Reclamation Project; Staff Scientist, Scientific Centre, Estonian Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology; and Doctoral Candidate, State Hydrological Institute, St. Petersburg. The Investigation of Low Flow on Small Estonian Rivers.
Oceanography
Dr. William W. Sager, Associate Professor of Oceanography, Texas A&M University · Dr. Adam Klaus, Adjunct Assistant Professor (same institution). Geophysical Study of the Origin and Geologic Evolution of Shatsky Rise, North Pacific Ocean.
Dr. Bhawan Singh, Professor, Department of Geography, University of Montreal, Canada. Ongoing Field Detection of Global Warming and Sea Level Rise and the Elaboration of Adaptation Strategies in the Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago.
Paleontology
Dr. Larry D. Agenbroad, Professor of Geology · Dr. James I. Mead, Associate Professor of Environmental Geology, Northern Arizona University. Excavations at the Hot Springs Mammoth Site, South Dakota.
Dr. Oscar Carranza Casta-eda, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous National University of Mexico · Dr. Wade Miller, Brigham Young University. Mexican Megafauna.
Jian Guan, Associate Professor and Chief, Mammalian Research Group, Paleontology Department, Beijing Natural History Museum · Dr. Jeheskel Shoshani, Research Associate, Cranbrook Institute of Science, Michigan. Fossil Vertebrates from the Dragon Bone Hill, Tongxin, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Northwest China.
Dr. J. Keith Rigby, Jr., Associate Professor of Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Indiana. The Last of the North American Dinosaurs, Montana.
Adriana Torres, Head, Paleontological Laboratory, Morelos State University, Cuernavaca, Mexico. Pleistocene Mammals, Tepeji, Pueblo, Mexico.
Social Sciences
Archaeology
Dr. E. Charles Adams, Associate Curator of Archaeology, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona; Richard C. Lange, Senior Research Specialist (same institution). Organizational Responses to Aggregation in the American Southwest: A Case Study at Homol'ovi II, Arizona.
Dr. E. Kofi Agorsah, Professor, Black Studies Program, Portland State University, Oregon. Archaeology of Maroon Heritage, Jamaica.
Professor David Austin, Senior Lecturer and Head, Department of Archaeology, Saint David's University College, Wales. Carew Castle Archaeological Project, Wales.
Dr. Frances S. Bernstein, Independent Researcher · Dr. David G. Orr, Regional Archaeologist, National Park Service Mid-Atlantic Regional Office, Philadelphia. Goddesses and Gods of Pompeii: A Study of Earth Religions, Italy.
Professor Martin Biddle, Astor Senior Research Fellow, Hertford College, Oxford University · Birthe Kj¿lbye-Biddle, Project Director, Winchester Research Unit, Oxford. Alban and St. Albans: The Quest for England's Premier Saint.
Paul T. Bidwell, Principal Keeper of Archaeology, Tyne and Wear Museums Service, U.K. · Nicholas Hodgson, Assistant Keeper of Field Archaeology, Tyne and Wear Museums Service, and Doctoral Candidate, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, U.K. Arbeia Roman Fort Excavation, England.
Dr. Noel T. Boaz, Director, International Institute for Human Evolutionary Research (IIHER), George Washington University, Virginia. Ancient Environments and Evolution in the African Western Rift Valley, Uganda.
Dr. Robson Bonnichsen, Professor of Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Founding Director, The Center for the Study of the First Americans, Oregon State University. First Americans Expedition, Montana.
Prof. Andrea Carandini, Senior Professor of Greek and Roman Archaeology, University of Rome "La Sapienza" · Dr. Paolo Carafa, Research Assistant (same institution). Excavation of an Etruscan and Roman Farm in Tuscany, Italy.
Sally J. Cole, Archaeologist-Rock Art Consultant, Bureau of Land Management, San Juan Resource Area, Monticello, Utah. The Cedar Mesa Rock Art Project, Utah.
María Auxiliadora Cordero, Doctoral Candidate, University of Pittsburgh. The Trajectory of a North Andean Chiefdom: El Quinche, Ecuador.
Dr. Gary W. Crawford, Professor of Anthropology and Chairman, Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto · Dr. David G. Smith, Assistant Professor of Anthropology (same institution). Iroquoian Ancestors in Canada: Excavations Along the Grand River, Ontario.
Dr. Israel Finkelstein, Associate Professor of Archaeology and Near Eastern Studies, Tel Aviv University · Prof. David Ussishkin, Professor of Archaeology (same institution) · Dr. Baruch Halpern, Chair, JEarthwatch Institutesh Studies Department, and Professor of Ancient History and Religious Studies, Pennsylvania State University. A Royal City and its Rural Hinterland: Megiddo as a Bronze Age City-State and an Iron Age (Biblical) Monarchic Center, Israel.
Dr. Moshe Fischer, Senior Lecturer and Field Archaeologist, Department of Classical Studies, Tel Aviv University. Archaeological Investigations of Yavneh-Yam, Israel.
Jeremy N. Green, Head, Department of Maritime Archaeology, Western Australian Maritime Museum · Thomas A. Vosmer, Research Assistant (same institution). The Omani Dhow Recording Project, Coast of Oman.
Dr. Shawn D. Haley, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Red Deer College, Alberta · Stan A. McDonald, Forest Archaeologist, U.S. Forest Service, Manti-La Sal National Forest, Utah. Pleistocene Big Game Hunters of Utah.
Jerome Lynn Hall, Doctoral Candidate, Nautical Archaeology Program, Texas A &M University. The Monte Cristi Shipwreck Project, Dominican Republic.
Dr. Richard J. Harrison, Professor of Archaeology, University of Bristol, U.K. Bronze Age People in Spain.
Dr. Eileen Johnson, Director, Lubbock Lake Landmark and Curator of Anthropology, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock. Protohistoric Cultural Dynamics on the Southern High Plains of Texas.
Dr. Eric Klingelhofer, Associate Professor and Chairman, Department of History, Mercer College, Georgia. Archaeology of Kilcolman Castle, Ireland.
Dr. Floyd W. McCoy, Jr., Lecturer, University of Hawaii and Research Scientist, Associated Scientists at Woods Hole. Archaeostratigraphy and Volcanostratigraphy of Late Bronze Age (Minoan) Deposits on Thira Using Sub-surface Radar Imagery, Greece.
Dr. Larry McKee, Chief Archaeologist, The Hermitage. The Archaeology of Plantation Life at The Hermitage, Tennessee.
Dr. Heather I. McKillop, Assistant Professor, Louisiana State University. Traders of the Maya Coast: Maya Maritime Adaptations, Belize.
Dr. Axel E. Nielsen, Doctoral Candidate in Anthropology, University of Arizona. Humahuaca and the Inka Empire: An Archaeological Study of Prehistoric Social Change in the Andes, Argentina.
Dr. William F. O'Brien, Lecturer in Archaeology, University College Galway, Ireland. Bronze Age Mining in Southwest Ireland.
Virginia P. Petch, Lecturer in Archaeology and Doctoral Candidate, University of Manitoba; and Northern Lights Heritage Services, Manitoba. Excavating Old Fort Churchill: A Hudson Bay Company Trading Post, Churchill, Manitoba.
Dr. David Price Williams, Lecturer, Institute of Archaeology, University of London, U.K. Cultural Impact and World Environment: The Eastern Mediterranean, Turkey.
Dr. Irwin Rovner, Associate Professor of Anthropology and Research Assistant in Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University · Dr. Ferenc Gyulai, Archaeobotanist, Hungarian Agricultural Museum, Budapest. Roman Agriculture and the Ecology of the Northern Pannonian Frontier, Hungary.
Dr. Katharine Scott, Research Associate, Baden Powell Quaternary Research Centre, and Lecturer, St. Cross College, University of Oxford, U.K. Pleistocene Geoarchaeology at Stanton Harcourt Channel, Oxfordshire, U.K.
Dr. William D. Sill, Research Professor of Geology, National University of San Juan, Argentina and Curator of Paleontology, Museum of Natural Sciences, San Juan · Professor Alfredo M. Monetta, Professor of Paleontology, University of San Juan and Director, Museum of Natural Sciences, San Juan. Paleontological Exploration of the Ischigualasto Valley, San Juan Province, Argentina.
Dr. Christopher M. Stevenson, Director, Diffusion Laboratory, Archaeological Consultants, Inc., Ohio, and Research Associate, Materials Research Laboratory, Penn State University. Easter Island: Prehistoric Settlement, Economy, and Political Evolution, Chile.
Dr. Petr L. Syomin, Chief, Laboratory of Archaeology, Far Eastern State University, Vladivostok · Dr. Irina S. Zhushchikhovskaya, Research Archaeologist, Institute of History, Archaeology, and Ethnology of Nations of the Far East, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Settlements and Cemeteries of Far Eastern Siberia.
Dr. Alexandre G. Vekcler, General Director, Center for Archaeological Research, Department of Government Control, Protection, and Utilization of Cultural and Historical Monuments of the City of Moscow · Nicole Prevost Logan, Field Archaeologist/Russian Specialist. Archaeology and Conservation of Historical Sites in Moscow, Russia.
Dr. William H. Waldren, Founder and Director, Deya Archaeological Museum and Research Center, Spain; and Research Fellow, Baden-Powell Quaternary Research Centre, Oxford University, U.K. Balearic Prehistoric Ecology and Culture, Mallorca, Spain.
Dr. Patty Jo Watson, Professor of Anthropology, Washington University. Inventory Cultural Resources in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky.
Ethnobotany
Dr. S.K. Jain, Scientist Emeritus and President, Kaul Science Foundation at the National Botanical Research Institute; Chairman, International Commission on Ethnobotany; President, Society of Ethnobotanists; Chief Editor, Ethnobotany · Father Earaplackal Varghese, Doctoral Candidate, University of Lucknow, India · Dr. S.P. Gupta, President, Sarat Chandra Roy Institute of Anthropological Studies, and Retired Director, Tribal Research Institute, Ranchi, India. Ethnobotany of the Tribal Kharias in Central India.
Humanities
Kathleen A. Bick, Independent Artist and Educator, Glouster, Ohio. Balinese Offerings: Gifts to the Gods/Works of Art.
Dr. Walter L. Brenneman, Jr., Associate Professor, University of Vermont · Mary G. Brenneman, Cultural Anthropologist. Ancient Lore of the Holy Wells of Ireland.
Ing. Fabio Carrera, Founder, Venice Project Center, Worcester Polytechnic Institute and UNESCO Consultant. Computerized Catalog of Outdoor Art in Venice with Automatic Estimation of Restoration Costs, Italy.
Dr. Joseph L. Mbele, Assistant Professor, Department of English, St. Olaf College, Minnesota. Oral Epics of Northern Tanzania.
Dr. Phong T. Nguyen, Associate Professor of Ethnomusicology, School of Music, Kent State University. Performing Arts in Vietnam: Music and Theatre.
Dr. Mark E. Sunkett, Founder and Artistic Musical Director, Kawambe Drum and Dance Ensemble; and Associate Professor, School of Music, Arizona State University. The Drums of Senegal, Africa.
E. Logan Wagner, Architect and Research Associate, University of Texas-Austin · Hal Box, Professor, School of Architecture (same institution). Architectural Heritage of Contact-period Mexico.
George Woolston, Architect, Kaustinen, Finland. Recording Traditional Rural Buildings in Finland.
Public Health
Dr. Deborah E. Bender, Research Associate Professor, Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina · Robert E. M. Baker, Coordinator of Public Health Projects, Department of Public Health Administration, Nur University, Bolivia. Infant Feeding and Child Spacing Practices in Lowland Bolivia.
Dr. Prisca Nemapare, Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Food and Nutrition, Ohio University. Maternal Nutrition and Health in Masvingo Province of Zimbabwe: A Preventive Nutrition Program.
Dr. María Pisana, Neurobiologist; Writer, Creator, and co-Director, Mepomi 2000, Fundación Elpis · Dr. Amanda Bernal, Director of Research on Ecological Survey of Argentinian Pampas, Fundación Elpis and University of Cordoba, Argentina. Investigation of Popular Medical Practice: Its Forms of Implementation in the Argentinian Countryside.
Sustainable Development
Professor Dor Bahadur Bista, International Centre for Integrated Moutain Development, and Karnali Institute for Rural Development and Nature Conservation, Nepal · Dr. Khem Bahadur Bista, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Center for Economic Development Administration, Tribhuvan University, Nepal · Dr. Indra Narayan Manandhar, Associate Professor of Geography, (same institution). Sustainable Development in the Karnali Zone, Nepal.
Jenny L. Feick, Chief of Heritage Communications, Mount Revelstoke and Glacier National Parks · Dr. Albert Einsiedel, Co-founder, Protected AManagement Program and Professor, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta · Micheal S. Morrill, Healthy Communities Coordinator, Revelstoke and Doctoral Candidate in Sociology, University of Calgary. Environmental Vision for a Canadian Mountain Community.
Dr. Daniel M. Kammen, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Princeton University and Research Affiliate, Center for Science and International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government. Sustainable Development and Alternative Energy Sources in Kenya.
Stephen R. Morin, Doctoral Candidate, University of Kentucky · Dr. Adbi Wahab, Dean, Agriculture Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia · Ir. Abidin Hasyim, Instructor, Department of Rural Sociology, Syiah Kuala University · Dr. John van Willigen, Professor of Applied Cultural Anthropology, University of Kentucky. The Aceh Common Pasture Improvement Project, Indonesia.
Dr. Erik Mortensen, Senior Staff Associate and Chief, Technology Transfer, National Center for Infrastructure Studies, Department of Civil Engineering, Columbia University. The Philippine Adobe Project.
Dr. Anthony Povilitis, Conservation Biologist and President, Life Net, New Mexico · Dr. Stephen R. Kellert, Professor, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University · Dr. James G. Fitzgerald, Associate Professor, Fort LEarthwatch Institutes College, Colorado. Evaluating Potential Public Support for a Major Biosphere Reserve in Southern Colorado and Northern New Mexico.
Dr. Mario A. Rabey, Full Professor, Universidad de Jujuy, Argentina and Independent Investigator, CONICET, Argentina. A Comparative Study on the Cultural Management of Natural Resources: The Making of Knowledge in Two South American Indian Communities, Paraguay and Argentina.
Dr. Munagala Veerabhadra Reddy, Senior Plant Pathologist, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India. Traditional Methods of Plant Protection in the Semi-arid Tropics of Andhra Pradesh, India.
Dr. Lu Shenggao, Associate Professor of Soil Science, Zhejiang Agricultural University, China · Dr. Chen Yuyin, Lecturer, Department of Soil Science (same institution). Ecological Agricultural System and Agricultural Sustainable Development in Southern China.
Dr. Randolph R. Thaman, Professor of Pacific Island Biogeography, The University of the South Pacific · Dr. Asesela Ravuvu, Professor of Pacific Studies and Director, Institute of Pacific Studies (same institution) · Jale Baba, Project Manager, Koroyanitu National Park Project and Special Projects Officer, Fiji Pine Commission. Community-based Biodiversity Assessment of Koroyanitu National Park, Fiji.